20. Copy Commands
An application can copy buffer and image data using several methods described in this chapter, depending on the type of data transfer.
All copy commands are treated as “transfer” operations for the purposes of synchronization barriers.
All copy commands that have a source format with an X component in its format description read undefined values from those bits.
All copy commands that have a destination format with an X component in its format description write undefined values to those bits.
20.1. Copying Data Between Buffers
To copy data between buffer objects, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
void vkCmdCopyBuffer(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkBuffer srcBuffer,
VkBuffer dstBuffer,
uint32_t regionCount,
const VkBufferCopy* pRegions);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
srcBufferis the source buffer. -
dstBufferis the destination buffer. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkBufferCopy structures specifying the regions to copy.
Each source region specified by pRegions is copied from the source
buffer to the destination region of the destination buffer.
If any of the specified regions in srcBuffer overlaps in memory with
any of the specified regions in dstBuffer, values read from those
overlapping regions are undefined.
The VkBufferCopy structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
typedef struct VkBufferCopy {
VkDeviceSize srcOffset;
VkDeviceSize dstOffset;
VkDeviceSize size;
} VkBufferCopy;-
srcOffsetis the starting offset in bytes from the start ofsrcBuffer. -
dstOffsetis the starting offset in bytes from the start ofdstBuffer. -
sizeis the number of bytes to copy.
A more extensible version of the copy buffer command is defined below.
To copy data between buffer objects, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
void vkCmdCopyBuffer2(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyBufferInfo2* pCopyBufferInfo);or the equivalent command
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
void vkCmdCopyBuffer2KHR(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyBufferInfo2* pCopyBufferInfo);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pCopyBufferInfois a pointer to a VkCopyBufferInfo2 structure describing the copy parameters.
Each source region specified by pCopyBufferInfo->pRegions is copied
from the source buffer to the destination region of the destination buffer.
If any of the specified regions in pCopyBufferInfo->srcBuffer overlaps
in memory with any of the specified regions in
pCopyBufferInfo->dstBuffer, values read from those overlapping regions
are undefined.
The VkCopyBufferInfo2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkCopyBufferInfo2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkBuffer srcBuffer;
VkBuffer dstBuffer;
uint32_t regionCount;
const VkBufferCopy2* pRegions;
} VkCopyBufferInfo2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkCopyBufferInfo2 VkCopyBufferInfo2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcBufferis the source buffer. -
dstBufferis the destination buffer. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkBufferCopy2 structures specifying the regions to copy.
The VkBufferCopy2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkBufferCopy2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkDeviceSize srcOffset;
VkDeviceSize dstOffset;
VkDeviceSize size;
} VkBufferCopy2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkBufferCopy2 VkBufferCopy2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcOffsetis the starting offset in bytes from the start ofsrcBuffer. -
dstOffsetis the starting offset in bytes from the start ofdstBuffer. -
sizeis the number of bytes to copy.
20.2. Copying Data Between Images
To copy data between image objects, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
void vkCmdCopyImage(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkImage srcImage,
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout,
VkImage dstImage,
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout,
uint32_t regionCount,
const VkImageCopy* pRegions);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the current layout of the source image subresource. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the current layout of the destination image subresource. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkImageCopy structures specifying the regions to copy.
Each source region specified by pRegions is copied from the source
image to the destination region of the destination image.
If any of the specified regions in srcImage overlaps in memory with
any of the specified regions in dstImage, values read from those
overlapping regions are undefined.
Multi-planar images can only be copied on a per-plane basis, and the subresources used in each region when copying to or from such images must specify only one plane, though different regions can specify different planes. When copying planes of multi-planar images, the format considered is the compatible format for that plane, rather than the format of the multi-planar image.
If the format of the destination image has a different block extent than the source image (e.g. one is a compressed format), the offset and extent for each of the regions specified is scaled according to the block extents of each format to match in size. Copy regions for each image must be aligned to a multiple of the texel block extent in each dimension, except at the edges of the image, where region extents must match the edge of the image.
Image data can be copied between images with different image types.
If one image is VK_IMAGE_TYPE_3D and the other image is
VK_IMAGE_TYPE_2D with multiple layers, then each slice is copied to or
from a different layer; depth slices in the 3D image correspond to
layerCount layers in the 2D image, with an effective depth of
1 used for the 2D image.
Other combinations of image types are disallowed.
The VkImageCopy structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
typedef struct VkImageCopy {
VkImageSubresourceLayers srcSubresource;
VkOffset3D srcOffset;
VkImageSubresourceLayers dstSubresource;
VkOffset3D dstOffset;
VkExtent3D extent;
} VkImageCopy;-
srcSubresourceanddstSubresourceare VkImageSubresourceLayers structures specifying the image subresources of the images used for the source and destination image data, respectively. -
srcOffsetanddstOffsetselect the initialx,y, andzoffsets in texels of the sub-regions of the source and destination image data. -
extentis the size in texels of the image to copy inwidth,heightanddepth.
The VkImageSubresourceLayers structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
typedef struct VkImageSubresourceLayers {
VkImageAspectFlags aspectMask;
uint32_t mipLevel;
uint32_t baseArrayLayer;
uint32_t layerCount;
} VkImageSubresourceLayers;-
aspectMaskis a combination of VkImageAspectFlagBits, selecting the color, depth and/or stencil aspects to be copied. -
mipLevelis the mipmap level to copy -
baseArrayLayerandlayerCountare the starting layer and number of layers to copy.
A more extensible version of the copy image command is defined below.
To copy data between image objects, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
void vkCmdCopyImage2(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyImageInfo2* pCopyImageInfo);or the equivalent command
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
void vkCmdCopyImage2KHR(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyImageInfo2* pCopyImageInfo);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pCopyImageInfois a pointer to a VkCopyImageInfo2 structure describing the copy parameters.
This command is functionally identical to vkCmdCopyImage, but includes
extensible sub-structures that include sType and pNext
parameters, allowing them to be more easily extended.
The VkCopyImageInfo2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkCopyImageInfo2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImage srcImage;
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout;
VkImage dstImage;
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout;
uint32_t regionCount;
const VkImageCopy2* pRegions;
} VkCopyImageInfo2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkCopyImageInfo2 VkCopyImageInfo2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the current layout of the source image subresource. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the current layout of the destination image subresource. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkImageCopy2 structures specifying the regions to copy.
The VkImageCopy2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkImageCopy2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImageSubresourceLayers srcSubresource;
VkOffset3D srcOffset;
VkImageSubresourceLayers dstSubresource;
VkOffset3D dstOffset;
VkExtent3D extent;
} VkImageCopy2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkImageCopy2 VkImageCopy2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcSubresourceanddstSubresourceare VkImageSubresourceLayers structures specifying the image subresources of the images used for the source and destination image data, respectively. -
srcOffsetanddstOffsetselect the initialx,y, andzoffsets in texels of the sub-regions of the source and destination image data. -
extentis the size in texels of the image to copy inwidth,heightanddepth.
20.3. Copying Data Between Buffers and Images
Data can be copied between buffers and images, enabling applications to load and store data between images and user defined offsets in buffer memory.
When copying between a buffer and an image, whole texel blocks are always copied; each texel block in the specified extent in the image to be copied will be written to a region in the buffer, specified according to the position of the texel block, and the texel block extent and size of the format being copied.
For a set of coordinates (x,y,z,layer), where:
-
x is in the range [
imageOffset.x/ blockWidth, ⌈(imageOffset.x+imageExtent.width) / blockWidth⌉), -
y is in the range [
imageOffset.y/ blockHeight, ⌈(imageOffset.y+imageExtent.height) / blockHeight⌉), -
z is in the range [
imageOffset.z/ blockDepth, ⌈(imageOffset.z+imageExtent.depth) / blockDepth⌉), -
layer is in the range [
imageSubresource.baseArrayLayer,imageSubresource.baseArrayLayer+imageSubresource.layerCount),
and where blockWidth, blockHeight, and blockDepth are the dimensions of the texel block extent of the image’s format.
For each (x,y,z,layer) coordinate, texels in the image layer selected by layer are accessed in the following ranges:
-
[x × blockWidth, max( (x × blockWidth) + blockWidth, imageWidth) )
-
[y × blockHeight, max( (y × blockHeight) + blockHeight, imageHeight) )
-
[z × blockDepth, max( (z × blockDepth) + blockDepth, imageDepth) )
where imageWidth, imageHeight, and imageDepth are the dimensions of the image subresource.
For each (x,y,z,layer) coordinate, bytes in the buffer are accessed at offsets in the range [texelOffset, texelOffset + blockSize), where:
-
texelOffset =
bufferOffset+ (x × blockSize) + (y × rowExtent) + (z × sliceExtent) + (layer × layerExtent) -
blockSize is the size of the block in bytes for the format
-
rowExtent = max(
bufferRowLength, ⌈imageExtent.width/ blockWidth⌉ × blockSize) -
sliceExtent = max(
bufferImageHeight,imageExtent.height× rowExtent) -
layerExtent =
imageExtent.depth× sliceExtent
If a rotation is specified by VkCopyCommandTransformInfoQCOM, the 2D region of the image being addressed is rotated around the offset, modifying the range of x and y coordinates for the image address according to the specified VkSurfaceTransformFlagBitsKHR:
-
If
VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHRis specified, no rotation is performed:-
x' is in the same range as x
-
y' is in the same range as y
-
blockWidth' = blockWidth
-
blockHeight' = blockHeight
-
imageWidth' = imageWidth
-
imageHeight' = imageHeight
-
-
If
VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_90_BIT_KHRis specified-
x' is in the range [⌈(
imageOffset.x-imageExtent.height) / blockHeight⌉,imageOffset.x- image/ blockHeight) -
y' is in the range [
imageOffset.y/ blockWidth, ⌈(imageOffset.y+imageExtent.width) / blockWidth⌉) -
blockWidth' = blockHeight
-
blockHeight' = blockWidth
-
imageWidth' = imageHeight
-
imageHeight' = imageWidth
-
-
If
VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_180_BIT_KHRis specified:-
x' is in the range [⌈(
imageOffset.x-imageExtent.width) / blockWidth⌉,imageOffset.x/ blockWidth), -
y' is in the range [⌈(
imageOffset.x+imageExtent.height) / blockHeight⌉,imageOffset.x/ blockHeight), -
blockWidth' = blockWidth
-
blockHeight' = blockHeight
-
imageWidth' = imageWidth
-
imageHeight' = imageHeight
-
-
If
VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_270_BIT_KHRis specified:-
x is in the range [
imageOffset.x/ blockHeight, ⌈(imageOffset.x+imageExtent.height) / blockHeight⌉) -
y is in the range [⌈(
imageOffset.y-imageExtent.width) / blockWidth⌉,imageOffset.y/ blockWidth). -
blockWidth' = blockHeight
-
blockHeight' = blockWidth
-
imageWidth' = imageHeight
-
imageHeight' = imageWidth
-
When rotation is performed, for each (x,y,z,layer) coordinate, texels in the image layer selected by layer are instead accessed in the following ranges:
-
[x' × blockWidth', max( (x' × blockWidth') + blockWidth', imageWidth') )
-
[y' × blockHeight', max( (y' × blockHeight') + blockHeight', imageHeight') )
-
[z' × blockDepth', max( (z' × blockDepth') + blockDepth', imageDepth') )
Buffer addressing calculations are unaffected by this rotation.
When copying between a buffer and the depth or stencil aspect of an image, data in the buffer is assumed to be laid out as separate planes rather than interleaved. Addressing calculations are thus performed for a different format than the base image, according to the aspect, as described in the following table:
| Base Format | Depth Aspect Format | Stencil Aspect Format |
|---|---|---|
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
|
- |
|
- |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
When copying between a buffer and any plane of a multi-planar image, addressing calculations are performed using the compatible format for that plane, rather than the format of the multi-planar image.
Each texel block is copied from one resource to the other according to the above addressing equations.
To copy data from a buffer object to an image object, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
void vkCmdCopyBufferToImage(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkBuffer srcBuffer,
VkImage dstImage,
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout,
uint32_t regionCount,
const VkBufferImageCopy* pRegions);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
srcBufferis the source buffer. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the copy. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkBufferImageCopy structures specifying the regions to copy.
Each source region specified by pRegions is copied from the source
buffer to the destination region of the destination image according to the
addressing calculations for each
resource.
If any of the specified regions in srcBuffer overlaps in memory with
any of the specified regions in dstImage, values read from those
overlapping regions are undefined.
If any region accesses a depth aspect in dstImage
and the VK_EXT_depth_range_unrestricted extension is not enabled,
values copied from srcBuffer outside of the range [0,1] will be
be written as undefined values to the destination image.
Copy regions for the image must be aligned to a multiple of the texel block extent in each dimension, except at the edges of the image, where region extents must match the edge of the image.
To copy data from an image object to a buffer object, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
void vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkImage srcImage,
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout,
VkBuffer dstBuffer,
uint32_t regionCount,
const VkBufferImageCopy* pRegions);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the layout of the source image subresources for the copy. -
dstBufferis the destination buffer. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkBufferImageCopy structures specifying the regions to copy.
Each source region specified by pRegions is copied from the source
image to the destination region of the destination buffer according to the
addressing calculations for each
resource.
If any of the specified regions in srcImage overlaps in memory with
any of the specified regions in dstBuffer, values read from those
overlapping regions are undefined.
Copy regions for the image must be aligned to a multiple of the texel block extent in each dimension, except at the edges of the image, where region extents must match the edge of the image.
For both vkCmdCopyBufferToImage and vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer, each
element of pRegions is a structure defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
typedef struct VkBufferImageCopy {
VkDeviceSize bufferOffset;
uint32_t bufferRowLength;
uint32_t bufferImageHeight;
VkImageSubresourceLayers imageSubresource;
VkOffset3D imageOffset;
VkExtent3D imageExtent;
} VkBufferImageCopy;-
bufferOffsetis the offset in bytes from the start of the buffer object where the image data is copied from or to. -
bufferRowLengthandbufferImageHeightspecify in texels a subregion of a larger two- or three-dimensional image in buffer memory, and control the addressing calculations. If either of these values is zero, that aspect of the buffer memory is considered to be tightly packed according to theimageExtent. -
imageSubresourceis a VkImageSubresourceLayers used to specify the specific image subresources of the image used for the source or destination image data. -
imageOffsetselects the initialx,y,zoffsets in texels of the sub-region of the source or destination image data. -
imageExtentis the size in texels of the image to copy inwidth,heightanddepth.
More extensible versions of the commands to copy between buffers and images are defined below.
To copy data from a buffer object to an image object, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
void vkCmdCopyBufferToImage2(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2* pCopyBufferToImageInfo);or the equivalent command
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
void vkCmdCopyBufferToImage2KHR(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2* pCopyBufferToImageInfo);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pCopyBufferToImageInfois a pointer to a VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2 structure describing the copy parameters.
This command is functionally identical to vkCmdCopyBufferToImage, but
includes extensible sub-structures that include sType and pNext
parameters, allowing them to be more easily extended.
The VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkBuffer srcBuffer;
VkImage dstImage;
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout;
uint32_t regionCount;
const VkBufferImageCopy2* pRegions;
} VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2 VkCopyBufferToImageInfo2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcBufferis the source buffer. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the copy. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkBufferImageCopy2 structures specifying the regions to copy.
To copy data from an image object to a buffer object, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
void vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer2(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2* pCopyImageToBufferInfo);or the equivalent command
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
void vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer2KHR(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2* pCopyImageToBufferInfo);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pCopyImageToBufferInfois a pointer to a VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2 structure describing the copy parameters.
This command is functionally identical to vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer, but
includes extensible sub-structures that include sType and pNext
parameters, allowing them to be more easily extended.
The VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImage srcImage;
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout;
VkBuffer dstBuffer;
uint32_t regionCount;
const VkBufferImageCopy2* pRegions;
} VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2 VkCopyImageToBufferInfo2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the layout of the source image subresources for the copy. -
dstBufferis the destination buffer. -
regionCountis the number of regions to copy. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkBufferImageCopy2 structures specifying the regions to copy.
For both vkCmdCopyBufferToImage2 and vkCmdCopyImageToBuffer2,
each element of pRegions is a structure defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkBufferImageCopy2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkDeviceSize bufferOffset;
uint32_t bufferRowLength;
uint32_t bufferImageHeight;
VkImageSubresourceLayers imageSubresource;
VkOffset3D imageOffset;
VkExtent3D imageExtent;
} VkBufferImageCopy2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkBufferImageCopy2 VkBufferImageCopy2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
bufferOffsetis the offset in bytes from the start of the buffer object where the image data is copied from or to. -
bufferRowLengthandbufferImageHeightspecify in texels a subregion of a larger two- or three-dimensional image in buffer memory, and control the addressing calculations. If either of these values is zero, that aspect of the buffer memory is considered to be tightly packed according to theimageExtent. -
imageSubresourceis a VkImageSubresourceLayers used to specify the specific image subresources of the image used for the source or destination image data. -
imageOffsetselects the initialx,y,zoffsets in texels of the sub-region of the source or destination image data. -
imageExtentis the size in texels of the image to copy inwidth,heightanddepth.
This structure is functionally identical to VkBufferImageCopy, but
adds sType and pNext parameters, allowing it to be more easily
extended.
The VkCopyCommandTransformInfoQCOM structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_QCOM_rotated_copy_commands
typedef struct VkCopyCommandTransformInfoQCOM {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkSurfaceTransformFlagBitsKHR transform;
} VkCopyCommandTransformInfoQCOM;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
transformis a VkSurfaceTransformFlagBitsKHR value describing the transform to be applied.
Including this structure in the pNext chain of
VkBufferImageCopy2 defines a rotation to be performed when copying
between an image and a buffer.
Including this structure in the pNext chain of VkBlitImageInfo2
defines a rotation to be performed when blitting between two images.
If this structure is not specified in either case, the implementation
behaves as if it was specified with a transform equal to
VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR.
Specifying a transform for a copy between an image and a buffer rotates the region accessed in the image around the offset. Specifying a transform for a blit performs a similar transform as described in Image Blits with Scaling and Rotation.
Rotations other than VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR can only
be specified for single-plane 2D images with a 1x1x1
texel block extent.
20.4. Indirect Copies
An application can use indirect copies when the copy parameters are not known during the command buffer creation time.
To copy data between two memory regions by specifying copy parameters indirectly in a buffer, call:
// Provided by VK_NV_copy_memory_indirect
void vkCmdCopyMemoryIndirectNV(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkDeviceAddress copyBufferAddress,
uint32_t copyCount,
uint32_t stride);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
copyBufferAddressis the buffer address specifying the copy parameters. This buffer is laid out in memory as an array of VkCopyMemoryIndirectCommandNV structures. -
copyCountis the number of copies to execute, and can be zero. -
strideis the stride in bytes between successive sets of copy parameters.
Each region read from copyBufferAddress is copied from the source
region to the specified destination region.
The results are undefined if any of the source and destination regions
overlap in memory.
The structure describing source and destination memory regions,
VkCopyMemoryIndirectCommandNV is defined as:
// Provided by VK_NV_copy_memory_indirect
typedef struct VkCopyMemoryIndirectCommandNV {
VkDeviceAddress srcAddress;
VkDeviceAddress dstAddress;
VkDeviceSize size;
} VkCopyMemoryIndirectCommandNV;-
srcAddressis the starting address of the source host or device memory to copy from. -
dstAddressis the starting address of the destination host or device memory to copy to. -
sizeis the size of the copy in bytes.
To copy data from a memory region to an image object by specifying copy parameters in a buffer, call:
// Provided by VK_NV_copy_memory_indirect
void vkCmdCopyMemoryToImageIndirectNV(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkDeviceAddress copyBufferAddress,
uint32_t copyCount,
uint32_t stride,
VkImage dstImage,
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout,
const VkImageSubresourceLayers* pImageSubresources);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
copyBufferAddressis the buffer address specifying the copy parameters. This buffer is laid out in memory as an array of VkCopyMemoryToImageIndirectCommandNV structures. -
copyCountis the number of copies to execute, and can be zero. -
strideis the byte stride between successive sets of copy parameters. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the copy. -
pImageSubresourcesis a pointer to an array of sizecopyCountof VkImageSubresourceLayers used to specify the specific image subresource of the destination image data for that copy.
Each region in copyBufferAddress is copied from the source memory
region to an image region in the destination image.
If the destination image is of type VK_IMAGE_TYPE_3D, the starting
slice and number of slices to copy are specified in
pImageSubresources::baseArrayLayer and
pImageSubresources::layerCount respectively.
The copy must be performed on a queue that supports indirect copy
operations, see VkPhysicalDeviceCopyMemoryIndirectPropertiesNV.
The VkCopyMemoryToImageIndirectCommandNV is defined as:
// Provided by VK_NV_copy_memory_indirect
typedef struct VkCopyMemoryToImageIndirectCommandNV {
VkDeviceAddress srcAddress;
uint32_t bufferRowLength;
uint32_t bufferImageHeight;
VkImageSubresourceLayers imageSubresource;
VkOffset3D imageOffset;
VkExtent3D imageExtent;
} VkCopyMemoryToImageIndirectCommandNV;-
srcAddressis the starting address of the source host or device memory to copy from. -
bufferRowLengthandbufferImageHeightspecify in texels a subregion of a larger two- or three-dimensional image in buffer memory, and control the addressing calculations. If either of these values is zero, that aspect of the buffer memory is considered to be tightly packed according to theimageExtent. -
imageSubresourceis a VkImageSubresourceLayers used to specify the specific image subresources of the image used for the destination image data, which must match the values specified inpImageSubresourcesparameter of vkCmdCopyMemoryToImageIndirectNV during command recording. -
imageOffsetselects the initialx,y,zoffsets in texels of the sub-region of the destination image data. -
imageExtentis the size in texels of the destination image inwidth,heightanddepth.
20.5. Image Copies with Scaling
To copy regions of a source image into a destination image, potentially performing format conversion, arbitrary scaling, and filtering, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
void vkCmdBlitImage(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkImage srcImage,
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout,
VkImage dstImage,
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout,
uint32_t regionCount,
const VkImageBlit* pRegions,
VkFilter filter);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the layout of the source image subresources for the blit. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the blit. -
regionCountis the number of regions to blit. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkImageBlit structures specifying the regions to blit. -
filteris a VkFilter specifying the filter to apply if the blits require scaling.
vkCmdBlitImage must not be used for multisampled source or
destination images.
Use vkCmdResolveImage for this purpose.
As the sizes of the source and destination extents can differ in any dimension, texels in the source extent are scaled and filtered to the destination extent. Scaling occurs via the following operations:
-
For each destination texel, the integer coordinate of that texel is converted to an unnormalized texture coordinate, using the effective inverse of the equations described in unnormalized to integer conversion:
-
ubase = i + ½
-
vbase = j + ½
-
wbase = k + ½
-
-
These base coordinates are then offset by the first destination offset:
-
uoffset = ubase - xdst0
-
voffset = vbase - ydst0
-
woffset = wbase - zdst0
-
aoffset = a -
baseArrayCountdst
-
-
The scale is determined from the source and destination regions, and applied to the offset coordinates:
-
scaleu = (xsrc1 - xsrc0) / (xdst1 - xdst0)
-
scalev = (ysrc1 - ysrc0) / (ydst1 - ydst0)
-
scalew = (zsrc1 - zsrc0) / (zdst1 - zdst0)
-
uscaled = uoffset × scaleu
-
vscaled = voffset × scalev
-
wscaled = woffset × scalew
-
-
Finally the source offset is added to the scaled coordinates, to determine the final unnormalized coordinates used to sample from
srcImage:-
u = uscaled + xsrc0
-
v = vscaled + ysrc0
-
w = wscaled + zsrc0
-
q =
mipLevel -
a = aoffset +
baseArrayCountsrc
-
These coordinates are used to sample from the source image, as described in
Image Operations chapter, with the filter mode equal to that
of filter, a mipmap mode of VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST and
an address mode of VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE.
Implementations must clamp at the edge of the source image, and may
additionally clamp to the edge of the source region.
|
Note
Due to allowable rounding errors in the generation of the source texture coordinates, it is not always possible to guarantee exactly which source texels will be sampled for a given blit. As rounding errors are implementation-dependent, the exact results of a blitting operation are also implementation-dependent. |
Blits are done layer by layer starting with the baseArrayLayer member
of srcSubresource for the source and dstSubresource for the
destination.
layerCount layers are blitted to the destination image.
When blitting 3D textures, slices in the destination region bounded by
dstOffsets[0].z and dstOffsets[1].z are sampled from slices in
the source region bounded by srcOffsets[0].z and
srcOffsets[1].z.
If the filter parameter is VK_FILTER_LINEAR then the value
sampled from the source image is taken by doing linear filtering using the
interpolated z coordinate represented by w in the previous equations.
If the filter parameter is VK_FILTER_NEAREST then the value
sampled from the source image is taken from the single nearest slice, with
an implementation-dependent arithmetic rounding mode.
The following filtering and conversion rules apply:
-
Integer formats can only be converted to other integer formats with the same signedness.
-
No format conversion is supported between depth/stencil images. The formats must match.
-
Format conversions on unorm, snorm, scaled and packed float formats of the copied aspect of the image are performed by first converting the pixels to float values.
-
For sRGB source formats, nonlinear RGB values are converted to linear representation prior to filtering.
-
After filtering, the float values are first clamped and then cast to the destination image format. In case of sRGB destination format, linear RGB values are converted to nonlinear representation before writing the pixel to the image.
Signed and unsigned integers are converted by first clamping to the representable range of the destination format, then casting the value.
The VkImageBlit structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
typedef struct VkImageBlit {
VkImageSubresourceLayers srcSubresource;
VkOffset3D srcOffsets[2];
VkImageSubresourceLayers dstSubresource;
VkOffset3D dstOffsets[2];
} VkImageBlit;-
srcSubresourceis the subresource to blit from. -
srcOffsetsis a pointer to an array of two VkOffset3D structures specifying the bounds of the source region withinsrcSubresource. -
dstSubresourceis the subresource to blit into. -
dstOffsetsis a pointer to an array of two VkOffset3D structures specifying the bounds of the destination region withindstSubresource.
For each element of the pRegions array, a blit operation is performed
for the specified source and destination regions.
A more extensible version of the blit image command is defined below.
To copy regions of a source image into a destination image, potentially performing format conversion, arbitrary scaling, and filtering, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
void vkCmdBlitImage2(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkBlitImageInfo2* pBlitImageInfo);or the equivalent command
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
void vkCmdBlitImage2KHR(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkBlitImageInfo2* pBlitImageInfo);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pBlitImageInfois a pointer to a VkBlitImageInfo2 structure describing the blit parameters.
This command is functionally identical to vkCmdBlitImage, but includes
extensible sub-structures that include sType and pNext
parameters, allowing them to be more easily extended.
The VkBlitImageInfo2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkBlitImageInfo2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImage srcImage;
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout;
VkImage dstImage;
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout;
uint32_t regionCount;
const VkImageBlit2* pRegions;
VkFilter filter;
} VkBlitImageInfo2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkBlitImageInfo2 VkBlitImageInfo2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the layout of the source image subresources for the blit. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the blit. -
regionCountis the number of regions to blit. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkImageBlit2 structures specifying the regions to blit. -
filteris a VkFilter specifying the filter to apply if the blits require scaling.
The VkImageBlit2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkImageBlit2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImageSubresourceLayers srcSubresource;
VkOffset3D srcOffsets[2];
VkImageSubresourceLayers dstSubresource;
VkOffset3D dstOffsets[2];
} VkImageBlit2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkImageBlit2 VkImageBlit2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcSubresourceis the subresource to blit from. -
srcOffsetsis a pointer to an array of two VkOffset3D structures specifying the bounds of the source region withinsrcSubresource. -
dstSubresourceis the subresource to blit into. -
dstOffsetsis a pointer to an array of two VkOffset3D structures specifying the bounds of the destination region withindstSubresource.
For each element of the pRegions array, a blit operation is performed
for the specified source and destination regions.
For vkCmdBlitImage2, each region copied can include a rotation.
To specify a rotated region, add VkCopyCommandTransformInfoQCOM to the
pNext chain of VkImageBlit2.
For each region with a rotation specified,
Image Blits with Scaling and Rotation
specifies how coordinates are rotated prior to sampling from the source
image.
When rotation is specified, the source and destination images must each be
2D images, have a 1x1x1 texel block
extent, and only one plane.
20.5.1. Image Blits with Scaling and Rotation
When VkCopyCommandTransformInfoQCOM is in the pNext chain of
VkImageBlit2, the specified region is rotated during the blit.
The following description of rotated addressing replaces the description in
vkCmdBlitImage.
The following code computes rotation of normalized coordinates.
// rotation of normalized coordinates
VkOffset2D RotateNormUV(VkOffset2D in, VkSurfaceTransformFlagBitsKHR flags)
{
VkOffset2D output;
switch (flags)
{
case VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY_BIT_KHR:
out.x = in.x;
out.y = in.y;
break;
case VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_90_BIT_KHR:
out.x = in.y;
out.y = 1.0 - in.x;
break;
case VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_180_BIT_KHR:
out.x = 1.0 - in.x;
out.y = 1.0 - in.y;
break;
case VK_SURFACE_TRANSFORM_ROTATE_270_BIT_KHR:
out.x = 1.0 - in.y;
out.y = in.x;
break;
}
return out;
}-
For each destination texel, the integer coordinate of that texel is converted to an unnormalized texture coordinate, using the effective inverse of the equations described in unnormalized to integer conversion:
-
ubase = i + ½
-
vbase = j + ½
-
wbase = k + ½
-
-
These base coordinates are then offset by the first destination offset:
-
uoffset = ubase - xdst0
-
voffset = vbase - ydst0
-
woffset = wbase - zdst0
-
aoffset = a -
baseArrayCountdst
-
-
The UV destination coordinates are scaled by the destination region, rotated, and scaled by the source region.
-
udest_scaled = uoffset / (xdst1 - xdst0)
-
vdest_scaled = voffset / (ydst1 - ydst0)
-
(usrc_scaled, vsrc_scaled) =
RotateNormUV(udest_scaled, vdest_scaled,transform) -
uscaled = usrc_scaled × (xSrc1 - xSrc0)
-
vscaled = vsrc_scaled × (ySrc1 - ySrc0)
-
-
The W coordinate is unaffected by rotation. The scale is determined from the ratio of source and destination regions, and applied to the offset coordinate:
-
scalew = (zSrc1 - zSrc0) / (zdst1 - zdst0)
-
wscaled = woffset × scalew
-
-
Finally the source offset is added to the scaled source coordinates, to determine the final unnormalized coordinates used to sample from
srcImage:-
u = uscaled + xSrc0
-
v = vscaled + ySrc0
-
w = wscaled + zSrc0
-
q =
mipLevel -
a = aoffset +
baseArrayCountsrc
-
These coordinates are used to sample from the source image as described for
Image Operations, with the filter mode equal to that of
filter; a mipmap mode of VK_SAMPLER_MIPMAP_MODE_NEAREST; and an
address mode of VK_SAMPLER_ADDRESS_MODE_CLAMP_TO_EDGE.
Implementations must clamp at the edge of the source image, and may
additionally clamp to the edge of the source region.
20.6. Resolving Multisample Images
To resolve a multisample color image to a non-multisample color image, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
void vkCmdResolveImage(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkImage srcImage,
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout,
VkImage dstImage,
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout,
uint32_t regionCount,
const VkImageResolve* pRegions);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the layout of the source image subresources for the resolve. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the resolve. -
regionCountis the number of regions to resolve. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkImageResolve structures specifying the regions to resolve.
During the resolve the samples corresponding to each pixel location in the source are converted to a single sample before being written to the destination. If the source formats are floating-point or normalized types, the sample values for each pixel are resolved in an implementation-dependent manner. If the source formats are integer types, a single sample’s value is selected for each pixel.
srcOffset and dstOffset select the initial x, y, and
z offsets in texels of the sub-regions of the source and destination
image data.
extent is the size in texels of the source image to resolve in
width, height and depth.
Each element of pRegions must be a region that is contained within
its corresponding image.
Resolves are done layer by layer starting with baseArrayLayer member
of srcSubresource for the source and dstSubresource for the
destination.
layerCount layers are resolved to the destination image.
The VkImageResolve structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_0
typedef struct VkImageResolve {
VkImageSubresourceLayers srcSubresource;
VkOffset3D srcOffset;
VkImageSubresourceLayers dstSubresource;
VkOffset3D dstOffset;
VkExtent3D extent;
} VkImageResolve;-
srcSubresourceanddstSubresourceare VkImageSubresourceLayers structures specifying the image subresources of the images used for the source and destination image data, respectively. Resolve of depth/stencil images is not supported. -
srcOffsetanddstOffsetselect the initialx,y, andzoffsets in texels of the sub-regions of the source and destination image data. -
extentis the size in texels of the source image to resolve inwidth,heightanddepth.
A more extensible version of the resolve image command is defined below.
To resolve a multisample image to a non-multisample image, call:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
void vkCmdResolveImage2(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkResolveImageInfo2* pResolveImageInfo);or the equivalent command
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
void vkCmdResolveImage2KHR(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
const VkResolveImageInfo2* pResolveImageInfo);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pResolveImageInfois a pointer to a VkResolveImageInfo2 structure describing the resolve parameters.
This command is functionally identical to vkCmdResolveImage, but
includes extensible sub-structures that include sType and pNext
parameters, allowing them to be more easily extended.
The VkResolveImageInfo2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkResolveImageInfo2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImage srcImage;
VkImageLayout srcImageLayout;
VkImage dstImage;
VkImageLayout dstImageLayout;
uint32_t regionCount;
const VkImageResolve2* pRegions;
} VkResolveImageInfo2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkResolveImageInfo2 VkResolveImageInfo2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcImageis the source image. -
srcImageLayoutis the layout of the source image subresources for the resolve. -
dstImageis the destination image. -
dstImageLayoutis the layout of the destination image subresources for the resolve. -
regionCountis the number of regions to resolve. -
pRegionsis a pointer to an array of VkImageResolve2 structures specifying the regions to resolve.
The VkImageResolve2 structure is defined as:
// Provided by VK_VERSION_1_3
typedef struct VkImageResolve2 {
VkStructureType sType;
const void* pNext;
VkImageSubresourceLayers srcSubresource;
VkOffset3D srcOffset;
VkImageSubresourceLayers dstSubresource;
VkOffset3D dstOffset;
VkExtent3D extent;
} VkImageResolve2;or the equivalent
// Provided by VK_KHR_copy_commands2
typedef VkImageResolve2 VkImageResolve2KHR;-
sTypeis a VkStructureType value identifying this structure. -
pNextisNULLor a pointer to a structure extending this structure. -
srcSubresourceanddstSubresourceare VkImageSubresourceLayers structures specifying the image subresources of the images used for the source and destination image data, respectively. Resolve of depth/stencil images is not supported. -
srcOffsetanddstOffsetselect the initialx,y, andzoffsets in texels of the sub-regions of the source and destination image data. -
extentis the size in texels of the source image to resolve inwidth,heightanddepth.
20.7. Buffer Markers
To write a 32-bit marker value into a buffer as a pipelined operation, call:
// Provided by VK_KHR_synchronization2 with VK_AMD_buffer_marker
void vkCmdWriteBufferMarker2AMD(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkPipelineStageFlags2 stage,
VkBuffer dstBuffer,
VkDeviceSize dstOffset,
uint32_t marker);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
stagespecifies the pipeline stage whose completion triggers the marker write. -
dstBufferis the buffer where the marker will be written. -
dstOffsetis the byte offset into the buffer where the marker will be written. -
markeris the 32-bit value of the marker.
The command will write the 32-bit marker value into the buffer only after
all preceding commands have finished executing up to at least the specified
pipeline stage.
This includes the completion of other preceding
vkCmdWriteBufferMarker2AMD commands so long as their specified
pipeline stages occur either at the same time or earlier than this command’s
specified stage.
While consecutive buffer marker writes with the same stage parameter
implicitly complete in submission order, memory and execution dependencies
between buffer marker writes and other operations must still be explicitly
ordered using synchronization commands.
The access scope for buffer marker writes falls under the
VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT, and the pipeline stages for identifying
the synchronization scope must include both stage and
VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT.
|
Note
Similar to |
|
Note
Implementations may only support a limited number of pipelined marker write operations in flight at a given time. Thus an excessive number of marker write operations may degrade command execution performance. |
To write a 32-bit marker value into a buffer as a pipelined operation, call:
// Provided by VK_AMD_buffer_marker
void vkCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD(
VkCommandBuffer commandBuffer,
VkPipelineStageFlagBits pipelineStage,
VkBuffer dstBuffer,
VkDeviceSize dstOffset,
uint32_t marker);-
commandBufferis the command buffer into which the command will be recorded. -
pipelineStageis a VkPipelineStageFlagBits value specifying the pipeline stage whose completion triggers the marker write. -
dstBufferis the buffer where the marker will be written to. -
dstOffsetis the byte offset into the buffer where the marker will be written to. -
markeris the 32-bit value of the marker.
The command will write the 32-bit marker value into the buffer only after
all preceding commands have finished executing up to at least the specified
pipeline stage.
This includes the completion of other preceding
vkCmdWriteBufferMarkerAMD commands so long as their specified pipeline
stages occur either at the same time or earlier than this command’s
specified pipelineStage.
While consecutive buffer marker writes with the same pipelineStage
parameter are implicitly complete in submission order, memory and execution
dependencies between buffer marker writes and other operations must still be
explicitly ordered using synchronization commands.
The access scope for buffer marker writes falls under the
VK_ACCESS_TRANSFER_WRITE_BIT, and the pipeline stages for identifying
the synchronization scope must include both pipelineStage and
VK_PIPELINE_STAGE_TRANSFER_BIT.
|
Note
Similar to |
|
Note
Implementations may only support a limited number of pipelined marker write operations in flight at a given time, thus excessive number of marker write operations may degrade command execution performance. |